glutathione is a thiole Core-shell self-assembly triggered via thiol-disulfide exchange reaction for reduced detection and single cells monitoring Thiol–disulfide exchange between glutathione (GSH)

Lipoyl adducts formed by changes in oxidative or catabolic stress can alter TCA cycle function to allow the cell to adapt to these insults, as demonstrated for transient lipoyl nitrosylation during macrophage activation 15,33

Ylikoski J, Pirvola U, Moshnyakov M, Palgi J, Arume U, Saarma M

SH: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writingoriginal draft, Writingreview and editing

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The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay measures the reduction of the ferric 2,4,6-tripyridyl-s-triazine complex [Fe 3+ -(TPTZ) 2 ] 3+ to the blue ferrous complex [Fe 2+ -(TPTZ) 2 ] 2+ by antioxidants in acidic medium (pH 3.6), monitored by absorbance increase at 593 nm ( 3.1.4 Stabilization of free radical scavenging The 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay quantifies antioxidant capacity by measuring the reduction of the stable DPPH radical through hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) or electron transfer (ET) mechanisms